含PVC混合塑料水热反应中的氯迁移特性

聚氯乙烯(PVC)的大量使用导致城市生活垃圾(MSW)中的氯含量相对较高。水热反应将氯尤其是有机氯高效脱除是实现垃圾无害化处理和资源化利用的前提。MSW中塑料组分复杂，有机氯主要来源于PVC，研究影响PVC水热脱氯中氯迁移特性的因素具有重要意义。选取两种型号(HB-65和S-65)的PVC和聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)作为原料，研究了PVC自身性能和水热条件对氯脱除的影响规律，考察了塑料混合水热过程中的氯迁移特征。结果表明，PVC自身性能是影响水热脱氯内在因素，水热条件如水热温度、保温时间和反应物浓度是外在因素。塑料因不同的热膨胀性在混合水热过程中存在协同效应，添加PP和ABS使PVCHB-65脱氯率分别下降了71.66%和70.96%，使PVCS-65脱氯率分别下降了19.05%和18.15%；添加PE和PS使PVCHB-65脱氯率分别下降了71.06%和43.06%，使PVCS-65脱氯率分别升高了8.20%和46.70%。     

Synergistic hydrogen production by nuclear-heated steam reforming of fossil fuels

Processes and technologies to produce hydrogen synergistically by the nuclear-heated steam reforming reaction of fossil fuels are reviewed. Formulas of chemical reactions, required heats for reactions, saving of fuel consumption, reduction of carbon dioxide emission, and possible processes are investigated for such fossil fuels as natural gas, petroleum and coal.

In this investigation, examined are the steam reforming processes using the “membrane reformer” and adopting the recirculation of reaction products in a closed loop configuration. The recirculation-type membrane reformer process is considered to be the most advantageous among various synergistic hydrogen production processes. Typical merits of this process are; nuclear heat supply at medium temperature around 550°C, compact plant size and membrane area for hydrogen production, efficient conversion of a feed fossil fuel, appreciable reduction of carbon dioxide emission, high purity hydrogen without any additional process, and ease of separating carbon dioxide for future sequestration requirements.

The synergistic hydrogen production using fossil fuels and nuclear energy can be an effective solution in this century for the world which has to use fossil fuels to some extent, according to various estimates of global energy supply, while reducing carbon dioxide emission.     

Statistical analysis of the joint inhibitory action of similar compounds

A statistical model is presented that characterizes the joint action of similar compounds when the response variable is continuous. The model allows for antagonistic and synergistic as well as similar joint (additive) action of compounds. It also allows for differential potencies in the compounds. A method of statistical analysis using nonlinear regression analysis is presented along with sample SAS code for carrying it out. An efficient experimental design is given in the form of a set of mixture combinations. Two generalizations of the model are discussed. An example is presented relating the joint action of ferulic and vanillic acids to the growth of cucumber seedlings.Paper No. 11878 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7601. The use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service of the product named, nor criticism of similar ones not mentioned. This research was partially supported by US-Spain Joint Committee for Scientific and Technological Cooperation project CCA-8309/166.     

The high throughput assessment of aluminium alloy corrosion using fluorometric methods. Part II - A combinatorial study of corrosion inhibitors and synergistic combinations

The discovery of new corrosion inhibition systems remains dependent on experimental methods for screening and characterization. This paper examines a new method to rapidly assess aluminium alloy corrosion and inhibitor performance through quantification of aluminium ion concentration using fluorometric probes. The fluorometric probes, lumogallion and morin, were used in conjunction with a plate reader to rapidly assess fourteen corrosion inhibitors and their combinations for AA2024-T3. AA2024-T3 wire electrodes were exposed to 3.4 mM total inhibitor concentration in 0.6 M NaCl adjusted to pH 2, 4, 7, 10, and 12 for 1-7 days. Corrosion inhibition provided by mixtures of lanthanum and molybdate, cerium and molybdate, and metavanadate with phosphate was found to be superior to the equivalent concentration of sodium chromate.     

协同产品商务制造系统及其协同性研究

阐述了协同产品商务环境下制造系统的关键技术、覆盖范围、系统性能和系统目标的变化及发展，着重探讨了协同产品商务制造系统的目标与协同性，表示了实现协同产品商务协同的合作体系结构和协同基础结构逻辑视图，分析了系统协同与耦合问题。     

制造业信息技术应用之间的协同效应分析方法

应用信息技术是企业提高其竞争能力的重要手段之一。企业实施的各种信息技术应用通过信息集成组成企业的信息技术应用组合系统 ,各子系统相互配合而产生协同效应 ,使得系统总体功能可以大于各子系统功能之和。协同效应分析对于信息技术应用的可行性分析和企业信息技术应用水平的正确评价具有重要意义。本文给出的协同效应分析方法以计算机排样为例 ,首先通过信息技术应用的功能原理分析绘制待考察的应用与其它各种信息技术应用之间的数据流表 ,然后根据信息流表对协同系数进行估计 ,根据协同系数计算该信息技术的权数。最后说明了协同效应分析方法的应用价值。     

双相不锈钢在H_2SO_4＋NaCl介质中的腐蚀磨损

测定了α＋γ双相不锈钢在Ｈ２ＳＯ４及Ｈ２ＳＯ４＋ＮａＣｌ介质中的腐蚀率、磨损率、腐蚀磨损率和钝化膜破坏后的修复时间，研究了磨损表面的硬度变化及摩擦系数的变化规律，观察了磨痕及磨屑形貌等．实验表明氯离子对双相不锈钢腐蚀磨损的影响与磨损表面的脆性剥落有关．     

制造企业应用系统实施顺序决策支持技术

通过构建企业信息化系统的状态矩阵,综合考虑各应用系统的收益和实施周期、应用系统之间的协同特性、企业资金和时间等要素基础上,建立了应用系统实施顺序决策支持模型。从企业特性和企业竞争重点的角度探讨了应用系统的收益评估方法,从应用系统之间数据流的角度阐述了协同系数矩阵的构建方法,从而可以求解模型, 为决策提供有效支持。最后运用上述方法对某企业信息化应用系统实施顺序决策进行了案例分析。     

碳纤维网与短切丝协同增强混凝土梁试验研究

分析了碳纤维网的密度、层数与预埋位置以及碳纤维短切丝的长度与掺量对混凝土梁抗折性能的影响。结果表明:预埋碳纤维网与掺入碳纤维短切丝均能显著提升混凝土梁的抗折性能;碳纤维网密度为20 mm×20 mm时,距混凝土梁上表面125 mm时的增强效果最佳;双层碳纤维网的增强效果明显优于单层碳纤维网;同时掺入碳纤维短切丝可继续提升混凝土梁的抗折性能,且掺量2%、长度6 mm的碳纤维短切丝提升效果最佳。     

加氢处理与催化裂化协同增加炼厂经济效益

随着原油储量的递减及原油的深度开采 ,世界性原油质量逐渐变重、变劣 ,轻质油品含量降低 ,必须进行重油轻质化。焦化和催化裂化技术得到的轻质油品均存在着外观颜色差、杂质含量高、安定性差等问题 ,达不到出厂最低标准 ,也不利于保护环境。加氢工艺以其原料适应范围广、产品性质好及操作灵活等优点 ,成为劣质产品优质化、重质油品轻质化的重要加工手段。使用加氢处理与催化裂化工艺协同 ,对不同原料油选择不同工艺进行试验研究 ,研究表明 :加氢裂化与催化裂化协同 ,可生产出优质的清洁燃料 ,且能提高轻质油品收率 ,增加炼厂经济效益